Communication Skills
Sentence Review
Def: A sentence is a group of words arranged to express a
complete sense. Example:
- The girl is dancing in the room
-
Do you want to read this book?
2
-There are five KINDS
of sentences:
i.
Assertive sentences
ii.
Interrogative sentences
iii.
Imperative
sentences
iv.
Exclamatory
sentences
v.
Optative
sentences
3
i.
Is a sentence that makes a statement or assertion. Example:
-
I am learning grammar.
-
Students are always busy.
-
They are not doing well
-
If you are angry, then I am sorry.
4
Is a sentence that asks
a question. Examples:
- Who teaches you maths?
- Are you coming from home?
- Was he listening to the preacher
5
Is a sentence which contains some commands or request. Eg.
- Get out (order)
-
Open the door (order)
- Please come here (order).
-
Can you listen to me please? (
request)
6
Is a sentence which expresses some sudden feeling such as surprise, anger, joy, etc.
EG.
- Oh! We have lost the match.
-
How intelligent the boy is!
-
Bravo! Keep it up.
7
Is a sentence which expresses a wish
or a prayer. EG,
- May you live long!
- May God bless you!
- I wish you luck in your exams.
8
Sentences
can be grouped into four main types:
a) Simple sentence
b) Compound sentence
c) Complex sentence
d)
Compound-complex
9
•
The subject is the part of a
sentence that commonly indicates
–
(a)
what it is about, or
–
(b)
who or what performs the action
•
A complete predicate consists of the
verb and all accompanying modifiers
•
Clause
is a passage or sentence
•
Dependent
clause
•
Independent
clause
10
A simple sentence is the one which has only one independent clause
with a subject
and predicate. Eg,
i.
I read a book
ii.
Anne is a good girl
iii. That dog is sick
iv. Man is a
social animal
11
12
Is a sentence which is made up of two or more independent clauses joined
by coordinating
conjunction.
Note: Words like and,
or, but, either … or, not only …
BUT ALSO indicates
independent clause. Eg,
i.
I tried to speak Kiswahili [i] and my friend tried to speak English [i]
ii.
Mgosi played football, [i] so Mohamed went shopping [i]
iii.
Tanzania is a rich country
[i] but still it has many poor people[i]
13
v. Mr. Musa brought in his pet
rabbit, [i] and he showed it to the class
[i]
vi. You can put wings on a cow, [i]
but you don't make it an eagle [i].
vi. Always go to
other people's funerals; [i] otherwise, they
won't go to yours [i]
14
Is a sentence which contains one independent clause and one
or
more
dependent clause.
Eg.
i.
When I went there [d],
I found that [d] Jane was cooking [i].
ii.
She got job [i] after completing her studies [d].
15
iii.
Marwa told me [d] that he would marry me [i].
iv. When I received my salary [d], I went to Arusha
[i] where my lover
was situated [d]
v.
I had stayed in Tanga for six
months [i] when I received the
news [d] that Juma had
desired to see me [d]
vi. I believe [i] that she had married the
person [d] whom she had loved [d] 16
•
Is a sentence which contains one dependent clause and one
or more independent clauses. Eg.
• I
admire him but he doesn’t admire me, although I try hard to
improve
•
If you come late, you will miss the exams and
the teacher will punish you
17
NOTE that a section of a sentence containing
words like when, that, who,
whoever, whenever, which, etc is a dependent
clause, and the sentence is a complex sentence
18
