TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS....biology

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 Biology

TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS




  

 

  

TRANSPORT IN ANIMALS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION
 This unit deals with:
  • The need for a transport system in organisms.
  • Structure and functions of a transport system in mammals.
  • The circulatory system in a mammal.
  • Structure and functions of blood.
  • HIV/AIDS.
  • Blood clotting
  • Cell drainage and lymph system
  • Elephantiasis
  • Blood groups and blood transfusion.
MAIN CONTENT AND CONCEPTS THAT THE TEACHER SHOULD EMPHASISE
  • Relating surface area to volume ratio to transport.
  • Structure of transport system to include atria, ventricles, arteries,
    veins, aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, heart cavity,
    walls of ventricles and auricles.
  • Relating structure of heart, internal structure of artery,
    vein and capillary to their functions.
  • Description of blood circulation in mammals to its function:
    pulmonary and systemic circulation.
  • Composition of blood and functions of blood constituent.
  • The lymphatic system
  • Immunity, transfusion and immunisation  
 TEACHING/LEARNING MATERIALS 

(Worksheet, stimulus activity, experiments, items of evidence, statistics, texts, pictures, diagrams, graphs)
   
ICT animations on:
  • Circulatory system,
  • Beating of the heart.
  • Opening and closing of the heart valves
Evaluation questions.
Qn. 1. a .i)  Name the main blood vessel that conducts blood away from the heart?

ii) Name the main blood vessel that conducts blood from the rest of the body to the heart?

b) Give two structural characteristics of each of the blood vessels named in (a) above
Qn 2. To decide on whether a transfusion is possible or not, one considers the  
reaction of the antibodies of the recipient against the antigens of the donor.
If agglutination of red blood cells occurs, the transfusion is not possible.

In the table below put a tick where transfusion is possible and a
cross where it is not.
Answers to evaluation questions.

2.
a) i.  Aorta    ii) Vena cava

b) Aorta   - Thick walled, narrow lumen
    Vena Cava  - Thin walled, wide lumen, valves at intervals.
3.